The advantages of new generation mucoadhesive are increased cohesive force, increased enzyme inhibiting property, increased permeation effect of paracellular drug. In new generation mucoadhesive include l-cysteine into thiolated polymer and lectin mediated adhesive polymers. Thiolated polymers are immobilization of sulhydryl-bearing ligands on the polymeric backbone polymers, like chitosan and poly (acrylates). Thiomer micro- and nano-particles exhibit as the delivery of various types of challenging drugs. This achivement leads to significantly improved properties compared with the corresponding unmodified polymers. Thiomer micro and nano particlulate delivery systems can be devloped by different techniques, such as insitu gelation and covalent crosslinking, radical emulsion polymerization, emulsification and solvent evaporation. Mucoadhesive properties are strongly improved by the devlopment of disulfide bonds between thiol groups of the thiomer and cysteine-rich glycoproteins of the mucus gel layer. Although, enzyme- and efflux-pump inhibiting, improved permeation-enhancing properties, that is advantages of polymer thiolization. As thiomer micro- and nano-particles were shown to exhibit the same features as thiolated polymers per se, they might be useful tools for the delivery of various types of challenging drugs.
