This study focuses on the modulation of synthetic parameters in order to influence the size, structure, composition and arrangement of cobalt nanoparticles. The synthetic procedure followed is the hydrothermal chemical route. The role of cobalt precursors and different capping ligands (EG, PVP, HH) on the Co, CoFe2O4 was investigated. The reaction conditions are also responsible for the final product composition. The prepared nano particles of different morphology were analyzed through SEM.