RNAa is an emerging biological discovery involving double-stranded RNAs that target promoter regions in chromosomal DNA resulting in transcriptional activation of genes. The transcriptional activation or up-regulation of genes results in an increase in mRNA and protein production. Accordingly, this technology may have applications in a range of human disorders such as certain genetic diseases and cancer where the aberrant low expression of certain proteins is known to occur. In this article, The History of RNAa discovery, main mechanism of RNA activation and its applications were reviewed.
