Most illnesses, even those which lead the sufferer to the specialist, arise solely from long-continued errors of diet. The aim of this study is to overview the association between dietotherapy, dystemprement and prevention and treatment of diseases. Computerized search of published articles was performed using PubMed, Google Scholar, Scopus, Web of Science and Medline data bases as well as local references from all years of study .Additional sources were identified through cross-referencing. Original and translated books were also used. Of the whole 125 articles, 55 of them were selected as our database. The search terms used were dietotherapy, dystemprament, diseases, prevention, treatments. The findings of this study indicated that maintaining the health of each person must be made according to his mizaj and it should be prescribed the material whose quality is the same as one’s own mizaj. Thus, food of Bilious individuals should be cold and moist, while that of sanguious person has to be very cool. Food of phlegmatic person should be soft and hot and melancholic person should consume moist foods. As food and drink influence the body in regard to a) quality; b) material composition; c) substance as a Whole, each of these issues should be regarded separately in prescribing ones diet. Besides, it was shown that in addition, it was found that in the prescribing foods, following aspects of foods should be observed :1) Digestibility; 2) Assimilability; 3)nutritive value;4) Physiological value.
