Sepsis is one of the most leading causes of mortality and morbidity in neonates in around the World. According to the WHO statistics, neonatal infection is causing five million neonatal deaths in the World annually and about 98% of deaths do occur in developing countries, so regarding importance of neonatal sepsis this study aimed to characterize Prevalence and types of bacteria associated with Neonatal Sepsis in Neonatal ward from Ghaem hospital of Mashhad, Iran. According to the information available in the archives of patient records and HIS system a total of 370 patients were studied with suspected neonatal sepsis and the collected data were analyzed by SPSS software and chi-square test. Among 370 blood culture samples from neonate with suspected sepsis 27(7.3%) samples were positive. The highest prevalent organisms were Klebsiella pneumoniae with prevalence (40.7%). And the Staphylococcus epidermidis and Staphylococcus aureus were the second and third most frequently reported isolated organisms in the blood culture specimens, with prevalence 29.6% and 14.8% respectively. In K. pneumoniae the most resistance was to Ceftriaxone (91%) and the most susceptibility to Imipeneme with sensitivity 63.7% as well as in S. epidermidis the highest resistance was to Erythromycin (66.7%) and the most susceptibility was to Vancomycin with sensitivity55.6%. In regarding our results it is recommended that clinical trials to be performed in hospital centers to compare standard antibiotic protocols with the current basic antimicrobial treatment protocols. Early identification and suitable antibiotic treatments be able to help diminish the related complications and problems.
