The plant, Euadenia trifoliata belongs to the genus Euadenia in the familyCapparaceae. Phytochemical screening of the petroleum ether, ethyl acetate and methanol fractions of the plant leaves indicated the presence of alkaloids, tannins, sterols, triterpenes, cardiac glycosides, flavonoids and saponins. Free and combined anthraquinones were however absent. Brine shrimp lethality test on the fractions revealed that ethyl acetate, petroleum ether and methanol fractions were toxic with a lethality dose (LC50) less than 1000 μ/ml with the ethyl acetate fraction being the most toxic at LC50 of 28.77 μg/ml. The antioxidant activity of E. trifoliata fractions as determined using scavenging effect on 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryhydrazyl radical (DPPH) method revealed antioxidant activity slightly lower than that of ascorbic acid and butylated hydroxyl anisole but better than that of α –tocopherol standard antioxidants. The antimicrobial assays of the fractions were carried out by agar diffusion and pour plate method against 13 bacteria and 4 fungi. All the fractions have broad spectrum antimicrobial effect at the various concentrations activities against MRSA (Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus);Staphylococcus aureus; Streptococcus pyrogenes; Escherichia coli; Salmonella typhi; Shigella dysenterea; Klebsiella pneumoniae, Bacillus subtilis; and the fungi, Candida albicans; Candida krusei; Candida tropicalis. Pseudomonas aeruginosa was resistant to petroleum ether fraction, the bacteria, C. ulcerans; S. feacalis;P. vulgaris; P. mirabilis; and the fungi, C. stellatoidea were resistant to all the fractions.
