Transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β3) belong to the large family multifunctional growth factors that have prominent role in growth and development and homeostasis tissues. The object of this study was to recognition of single nucleotide polymorphism at fourth intron of TGF-β3 gene and studies its association with breeding value of some production trait in Isfahan native fowl. The traits were included12-week body weight, age at first egg, egg number and average egg weight. Breeding value of these traits were used to study relationship between new mutations and traits. One hundred and forty blood samples were collected from randomly chosen pedigree herd of Isfahan native hens and the DNA extraction was conducted. Amplification conducted by PCR reaction after designing primers. The PCR products were sequenced. Markers were detected by align and compare sequenced PCR product with the sequence obtained from gene bank (accession number X60091). Twelve new mutations were recognized for intron 4 of TGF-β3 in Isfahan native fowls involving four substitutions, four insertions, two inversion and two deletions. All of substitution, insertion and deletion were showed one-nucleotide alteration (SNP) but two inversions include one two-nucleotide and one four-nucleotide alteration. Without three nucleotide substitution in nucleotides numbers 2182, 2693 and 2706, all of other mutations were fixed at this population. The lowest frequency (%14.29) obtained at one thymine substitution in return for cytosine in nucleotide number 2182. Any significant difference was not observed between breeding values of traits at three unfixed SNP.
