The aim of this study is to prove the effective antagonism of Lactobacillus plantarum, probiotic bacteria, against bacteria responsible of infantile diarrhea. One hundred and fifty fecal samples were collected from diarrheic children aged two years and below from an hospital in Algeria over a period of 18 months. Fecal samples were cultured and identified according to the standard biochemical methods. Strains of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) were isolated from camel milk in Algeria. Molecular identification was realised by 16S rDNA Sequencing method. A total of 120 fecal samples were positive for bacterial growth with three genera of bacteria isolated via: Escherichia fergusonii (96%), Proteus mirabilis (3%) and Salmonella enterica subsp. Diarizonae (1%). Lactic acid bacteria were identified as Lactobacillus plantarum. Results of the antagonistic effects of Lactobacillus plantarum against the diarrheic isolates revealed that L. plantarum showed varying inhibition against the diarrhiec isolates. The highest inhibition zone was recorded against Escherichia fergusonii with 22 mm. It could be said that L. plantarum produce bioactive compound against diarrheal pathogens.
