European Journal of Zoological Research
Abstract
Author(s): Mohammadreza Nasrollahzadeh-Sabet, Seyed Reza Tabaei-Aghdaei and Aliakbar Imani
This study has been done to evaluate the antibacterial effect and chemical constituents of black pine essence (Pinus
nigra). Leaf sampling was conducted factorial where the first factor included areas, the second factor bacteria and
the third factor concentrations in a randomized complete block design with three replications in October, 2012. Leaf
samples were collected from three provinces of Ardabil, Gilan and Tehran and after drying; their essence were
extracted by water distillation using Clevenger apparatus. Essence compounds were identified by gas
chromatograph connected to a mass spectrometer, it showed significant differences between the provinces in terms
of oil yields. To investigate the antibacterial properties of the plant, three E.coli, Staphylococcus aureus and
Enterococcus faecalis was used and then they were cultivated on Mueller Hinton agar the culture medium. The
extracted essence was prepared at four concentrations of 40%, 60%, 80% and 100%, using Dimethyl sulfoxide and
was added to the culture medium by well method. Halos were formed after 48 hours around the wells that indicated
the lack of bacterial growth. The halos were clearly observed in the E.coli and Enterococcus faecalis bacteria. But
they were not observed around the wells of Staphylococcus aureus. The maximum inhibitory effect of black pine
essence was on the Enterococcus faecalis bacteria and it had little effect on E.coli but did not show any effect on
Staphylococcus aureus. Results showed that black pine essence had the highest anti-bacterial effect on the E.coli
and Enterococcus faecalis in concentration of 100% and the lowest was in the concentration 40%.
