The control and mediation of the cell cycle is influenced by cell signals. Different types of cell signaling molecules: Proteins (growth factors), peptide hormones, amino acids, steroids, retenoids, fatty acid derivatives, and small gases can all act as signaling molecules. The hedgehog signaling pathway is one of the key regulators of animal development conserved from flies (wing development in Drosophila) to humans (development of the brain, GI tract, fingers and toes in mammals). The pathway name is from its polypeptide ligand, an intercellular signaling molecule called Hedgehog (Hh) found in fruit flies of the genus Drosophila. Mutations or other sorts of regulatory errors in the hedgehog pathway are associated with a number of birth defects as well as some cancers. In this report, we will review the role of Hedgehog in cell signaling and impact of it in clinical medicine.
