The development of environmentally friendly technologies in the synthesis of materials is of considerable importance for expanding their biological applications. Nanomaterials find many applications due to their behavior at the nanoscale. Among all the methods, biosynthesis of nanomaterials is attracting much attention due to its simplicity, rapidity, no chemical use, non-toxicity and economical approach. Nowadays, many types of inorganic nanoparticles with well-defined chemical composition, size and morphology have been synthesized using different microorganisms and their application in many fields of advanced technology progress has been discovered. Applications of these biosynthesized nanoparticles are in many potential areas including targeted drug delivery, cancer therapy, gene therapy and DNA analysis, antimicrobial agents, biosensors, speed enhancement, separation science, and Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI). Nanotechnology has led to more efficient and more precise wastewater treatment methods at both small and large scales. Considering the potential biotechnological applications, this study aimed to synthesize Iron (Fe) nanoparticles from the aqueous extract of Cissus quadrangularis and to characterize the biosynthesized Fe nanoparticles by UV spectroscopy, FTIR, zeta potential, XRD, SEM, EDAX analysis. Furthermore, to probe the photocatalytic degradation of methyl orange by biological Fe nanoparticles under the influence of UV radiation and to evaluate the biodegradation of methyl orange by UV spectroscopy analysis. The experimental design methodology was used to model and optimize the operational parameters of the photocatalytic degradation of methyl orange using Fe nanoparticles by Response Surface Methodology (RSM).
