The purpose of this assessment was to evaluate potential direct effects of acute and chronic toxicity of Maneb (Dithane-M22) and Carbaryl (Sevin) in Artimia urmiana. A study was conducted to determine the concentration incorporated in the contamination treatment of instar I-II larvae and Adult Artemia urumiana for 24 hr.and 48 hr. Nine-hundred Artemia urumiana were used in a 2 factorial experiments(time and concentration).Mortality was recorded during the different times as well as variable concentration.Acute intoxication of Maneb and Carbaryl were able to be induced at >33 ppm concentration, Carbaryl was more lethal than Maneb. Histopathological observations made from hematoxylin-eosin stained sections of Maneb and Carbaryl treated Artemia showed significant lesions which were found to be more extensive in Carbaryl treated Artemia than in those Maneb treated Artemia.Results of this study showed the potential of Carbaryl pesticide to cause serious damage of the nervous system of the Adult Artemia urumiana.On the other hand,Maneb pesticides was primarily highly toxic on instar I-II larvae
