Annals of Biological Research
Abstract
Author(s): Seyyed Javad Mousavi, Peyman Mikaili, Rahim Mehdioghli
A gland is one of the important organs, which plays wide physiological roles in the body from
the birth to the end of The importance of histopathological study of thyroid gland will be evident
while we are aware of the high prevalence of endemic involvement of this gland. Thyroid
surgery has limited indications, including excision of benign and malignant tumors, symptomatic
remedy of thyrotoxicosis, removal of enlarged and compressing gland to get rid of its tension
pain, and finally harvesting biopsy for definite diagnosis of a suspected thyroidal mass.
Histopathological diagnosis of thyroid cancers is based on the same criteria, used for the
cancers of the other organs of the body. In this study, we evaluated the diseases leading to
thyroidal surgery, considering the demographical and histopathological aspects. One group of
the studied diseases in this category are adenomas, which originate from follicular epithelium.
They may be divided into two categories of follicular and papillary. This study, as an analyticaldescriptive
evaluation, was performed in general surgery and pathology wards of the Imam
Hospital of Urmia, northwestern Iran. We included all patients with thyroid disease, approved
by histopathological studies, and were candidates for thyroid surgery during 1998-99. In this
study, only the patients who underwent thyroid surgery were included. To the end of the study
period, a total of 33 patients were considered and their histopathological test results were
classified as following three categories were recognized malignant tumor, benign tumors and
tumor-like mass, their prevalence rate in our study were 21%, 27% and 52%, respectively. All
data were analyzed by SPSS package version 17. All patients (n=33) were more than 20 years
old and in different age groups. Of 33 patients, 30 cases were female (90.9%) and 3 cases were
male (9.09%). The cases with tumor-like masses were 15 (52%), benign tumors were 9 (27%)
and malignant tumors were 7 (21%). The most common conditions in the different groups were
multinodular goiter (n=7), follicular adenoma (n=6) and papillary carcinoma (n=6). As the
tabulated data in the Table-1 shows, the three categories were as follows: in tumor-like mass
group (nodular, simple and multinodular goiter), in benign tumor group (follicular and colloid
adenoma) and in the malignant group (papillary and follicular carcinoma). There was also a
single lesion due to chronic granulomatosis (tuberculosis). According to the data collected from
the patients of Imam Hospital of Urmia showed that the most common disease led to surgery
was ?¢????goiter?¢???. The benign tumors and thyroidal carcinomas were at the second and third ranks.
According to the world statistics, the rate of goiter incidence has been remarkably decreased.
The main reason of this decrease has been mentioned as the knowledge of the people in using
iodine salts in the daily diets. The other cause of goiter diseases with genetically etiologies,
because of early diagnosis of the disease and hormone replacement therapy, the rate has been
decreased again. Another effective and important cause for decreasing the disease is the thyroid
surgeries. Regarding the pathological examination of the patients?¢???? biopsies in this study, there
were 15 cases goiter, 9 cases benign tumor and 7 cases had malignancy.
