The globe has seen the negative outcomes of uncontrolled development of many human activities, such as industry, transportation, agriculture, and urbanisation, in recent decades. Increased living standards and higher consumer demand have increased pollution of the air, including CO2 and other greenhouse gases, NOx, SO2, and particulate matter, of water, including a variety of chemicals, nutrients, leachates, and oil spills, and of the soil, including hazardous waste disposal, pesticide spread, sludge, and the use of disposable goods or no disposable goods. Pesticides, cosmetics, personal and household care products, pharmaceuticals, and other man-made chemicals (such as pesticides, cosmetics, personal and household care products, and medications, among others) are examples of emerging pollutants. According to statistics published by EUROSTAT in 2013, environmentally hazardous compounds accounted for more than half of total chemical production between 2002 and 2011. More than 70% of these compounds have a major environmental impact.
