Intermittent preventive treatment and drug compliance are two important components in malaria control among pregnant women. This study was undertaken during October, 2014 - March, 2015 to determine the incidence rates of malaria among pregnant women in relation to drug compliance. A total of 4642 pregnant women attending outpatient department in Federal Medical Centre (FMC), Yengoa were recruited upon consent. Two brands of drugs; sulfadoxine (200mg) and pyrimethamine (250mg) were obtained and shared to the pregnant women based on WHO recommendations. The pregnant women were instructed to take the drugs during the 16 weeks of pregnancy and also at the end of the second trimester on supervision by the attendant nurse. Two mililitres (2ml) of intravenous blood was taken from each of the women during the first week of the third trimester. A thin and thick blood film was made in a grease-free slide. Slides preparation and estimation of malaria positive slides followed standard procedures. The percentage recruitment of the pregnant women in 2014 and 2015 were 46.7% and 53.3% respectively. Out of the total recruit, 52.3% did not accept taking any drug, 32.5% took one dose and 9.5% look complete doses. Malaria incidence rates among those that did not take the drugs, those that took only one dose and those that completed their doses were 95.3%, 38.1% and 31.0% respectively. Differences were statistically significant ((χ 2c=15.27;df=2; p<0.05). The incidence rates decreases with increase in age and showed similar trend in all the compliance level Differences were statistically significant ((χ 2c=56.77;df=6; p<0.05). Not all the malaria parasites were cleared in all the compliance levels. This highlighted that sulfadoxine and pyrimethamine were malaria preventive drugs and not a potent curative drugs in pregnant women.
