Citrullus colocynthis is a species belonging to the botanical family of Cucurbitaecea; it is a medicinal plant known for their various healing properties. We investigated the effects of the fixed oil extracted from the seeds in rats by monitoring blood homeostasis and body weight as well as toxicity. Animals were given daily 4% of dietary regimen of the C. colocynthis oil for 08 weeks showed significant slowdown of the body weight evolution comparatively to the animal control group received 4% of sunflower oil. Furthermore, Colocynth oil treatment had a tendency to increase significantly food intake feces output, and lipid feces. In parallel, the serum cholesterol, triglycerides, ALP levels and the count of erythrocytes and haematocrit level decreased significantly by 15.38, 22.22,46.29, 14.97 and 14.17%, compared to control values, respectively; while AST level increased significantly by 21.71%. These results support the suggestion of using C. colocynthis oil as a treatment for dyslipidemia and hyperglycemia, and related abnormalities. The chronic toxicity and the mode of action of this oil must be studied.
