Nowadays, biotechnology is considered as an important, new field of science and technology so that it allocates itself a large share of research costs in most large companies. By intensifying hazardous soil and water pollutions in the last two decades, environmental biotechnology has highly been taken into consideration. One of the main achievements of environmental biotechnology is bioremediation highly recommended to control water and soil pollutions. There have been a lot of studies to show the numerous benefits of bioremediation. The present study provides a short introduction to different kinds of bioremediation technique as well as its constraints and benefits in decontamination of soil and water. The result indicated some advantages of bioremediation including being cheap, easiness of use, ensuring permanent removal of pollutants, in-situ cleaning up, etc. However, some drawbacks have been found by the technology included slowness of biological processes and inability of microorganisms to degrade all the pollutants in the environment. To this end, it can be concluded that benefits stemming from bioremediation is much more than its constraints. The different methods of bioremediation techniques provides scientific a variety of choices to clean up contaminated water and soil resources.
