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Bacteriological, Physicochemical and Mineral Studies of Water Samples from Artesian bore-hole, Spring and Hand dug Well located at Oke-Osun, Ikere- Ekiti, Nigeria | Abstract
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Abstract

Bacteriological, Physicochemical and Mineral Studies of Water Samples from Artesian bore-hole, Spring and Hand dug Well located at Oke-Osun, Ikere- Ekiti, Nigeria

Author(s): Odeyemi, A.T., Akinjogunla, O.J and Ojo,

Bacteriological and physicochemical values of water samples from Artesian bore hole, spring and nearby hand dug well located at Oke-Osun, Ikere-Ekiti were determined. Total viable and coliform counts were determined by using pour plate techniques. Antibiotic susceptibility were determined using disc diffusion method. The physicochemical and mineral content were analyzed using standard method. The mean total bacteria count of the water samples ranged as follow: A (113 x 102-67.1 x 103) CFU/ml, B (105.3 x 102-66 x 103) CFU/ml, C (76.9 x 102-61 x 103) CFU/ml and D (167 x 102-124.9 x 103). The mean total coliform count of the samples ranged as follow: A (25.4 x 102-16.7 x 103) CFU/ml, B (31.3 x 102-15.1 x 103) CFU/ml, C (63.3 x 102-39.3 x 103) CFU/ml and D (88.4 x 102- 47.3 x 103) CFU/ml. The mean total enterococcus count of the water samples ranged as follow; A (4.7 x 102-2.1 x 103) CFU/ml, B (7.0 x 102-2.9 x 103) CFU/ml, C (3.0 x 102-1.4 x 103) CFU/ml and D (3.9 x 102-1.7 x 103) CFU/ml. The isolated organisms identified were Enterococcus spp, Escherichia spp , Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella spp, Klebsiella spp and Shigella spp. Some strains of the isolated bacteria were resistant to some antibiotics such as gentamycin, tetracycline and fusidic acid. The physicochemical values of the water samples ranged as follow: conductivity (2.40 x 10-2-6.3 x 10-2) μScm-1, turbidity (ND-0.001) NTU, pH (5.15-7.33), chloride (5.33-30.2) mgL-1, total suspended solid (17.4-26.2) mgL-1, total hardness (24.0-152.0) mgL-1, total alkalinity (18.0-128.0) mgL-1, acidity as CaCO3 (0.60-2.50) mgL-1, total dissolved solids (11.5-19.3) mgL-1 and total solid (30.3-45.4) mgL-1. The minerals analyzed in the water samples were have the following values; raw artesian water (13.3, 15.4, 16.6,14.4 and 0.25) mgL-1, treated artesian water (10.5, 11.8, 9.25, 12.1 and 0.20) mgL-1, spring water (11.7, 12.5, 8.54, 10.4 and ND) mgL-1 and hand dug well water (15.4, 18.6, 20.5, 13.4 and 0.12) mgL-1 respectively, while Pb, Mn, Cd and Co were not detected in all the water samples. The study however, discussed the likely sources of contamination of the artesian, spring and well water samples and some water borne hazards caused by consuming such untreated water.