To study the genetic diversity and relationships among traits, a field experiment was carried out on 20 genotypes of safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) under rain-fed condition in randomized complete block design with three replications at the rain-fed research farm of Dry-land Agriculture Research Station, Sararood, Kermanshah, Iran. Agro-morphological traits, including Days to 50% Flowering, Days to Finish Flowering, Days to physiological Maturity, Plant Height, Head (capitulum) number per Plant, Seed number per primary Head, Thousand Seed Weight, Yield, Oil Percent and Oil Yield per Hectare were recorded for all genotypes. Analysis of variance showed that safflower genotypes were significantly different for all of the characteristics studied, except Thousand Seed Weight (TKW). Oil yield has a positive and considerable correlation with yield. Cluster analysis grouped the 20 genotypes within 4 clusters, each of which having 12, 2, 5 and 1 genotypes. The results of study showed that between evaluated genotype, Faraman cultivar has the best seed and oil yield and other characteristics, thus it can be used as a suitable parent in a hybrid breeding program in future.
