Current interest in microorganisms as sources of edible lipids, the single cell oils (SCO), centers around the ability of these microorganisms to convert agro-industrial surpluses and residues into lipids rarely found in the plant or animal kingdom [i.e. lipids containing rare poly unsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs)], while in a recent development, SCO are considered as adequate starting material for the production of biodiesels. PUFAs are valuable products because of their involvement in several aspects of human health. Production SCO in opposite of plant have many advantages, such as short life cycle, less labor requires, less affection by venue, season aclimateasier to scale up. The main aim of this review was to explain the last records about effective parameters on production of single cell oil by microorganisms especially the fungus Mortierella isabellina.
