Annals of Biological Research
Abstract
Author(s): Rahim Baghaei , Peyman Mikaili , Davood Nourani , Hamid Reza Khalkhali
The prevalence of nosocomial infections in critical care units is high. Nosocomial infections are
of serious hospital problems. In addition, they are impose heavy costs on hospitals, causing
increased hospitalization time, increased morbidity and mortality. In this study, we aimed to
determine the epidemiological status of nosocomial infections in hospital ICU Imam Reza,
Urmia, Iran. This study was performed on 556 patients who were admitted to ICU of Imam Reza
hospital from 2006-2007. The data collected according to the questionnaire, addressing the
demographic characteristics, intervention measures on patient, paraclinical reviews, and
therapeutic measures on patients. The clinical signs and symptoms of patients were also
controlled. In suspected patients, necessary laboratory tests and cultures were done. Data were
analyzed by SPSS version 17 package. The incidence of nosocomial infections was 8.45 percent.
The most common type of infections were pneumonia 59.5%, UTI 21.3%, and both 19.1%
respectively. The most common microorganisms in pulmonary infections were Pseudomonas
aeruginosa, in UTI E. coli, respectively. Incidence of pneumonia significantly is more than of
other (p < 0.01). Also the correlation of ICU stay time, endotracheal tube, central venous
catheter and incidence of nosocomial infection is significant (p< 0.001). Nevertheless, the effect
of age, gender and taking corticosteroids were not statistically significant (p>0.05). The
prevalence of nosocomial infection in this study, was consistent with the prevalence mentioned in
mentioned in the reference texts of infectious diseases (e.g. Mandel), approximately as 5-20%.
We found the minimal extent of this rate the prevalence of nosocomial infections, namely nearly
5%. Here, like other studies, we reported gram-negative bacteria as the most common cause of
nosocomial infections. The results of this study asserts the importance of ongoing processes in
ICU for the prevention of nosocomial infections.
