Heavy metals can be hazardous even at very low concentrations. When they get in to water supplies and aqueous environments the health of plants and animals as well as humans can be impaired. Heavy or toxic metals such as cadmium Cd (II) Nickel Ni( II) Copper Cu (II) Lead Pb(II) and Bismuth Bi(III) are trace metals with a density at least five times that of water. As such they are stable elements and they cannot be metabolized by the body and bioaccumilative. Toxic metals are commonly found in waste water and removing them efficiently presents a unique challenge.in the present study the author has developed an organic reagent “4- HydroxyBenzaldehydethosemicarbazone” and studied the complexation reaction between Cu (II) and 4-HBTS spectrophotometrically. The data pertaining to these studies reveals that Cu (II) shows favorable conditions for complex formation under weak acidic condition (PH- 5-6) . The results showed that the metal ions can be determined quantitatively in μg quantities using the standard procedures. The suitability of this method for the determination of copper in the range is 0.127-1.27 μg/ml. The above mentioned method has been extended for the determination of Cu (II) present in wastewater sample. The author has compared the present method with other spectrophotometric methods for the determination of copper. A review on removal of Cu (II) from the waste water sample using magnetite nanoparticles is presented in this pper.
