L- threonine single crystals were grown successfully by slow-evaporation technique. To identify the morphology and structure , the as grown crystals were subjected to characterization like powder and single XRD analysis. UVVis- NIR spectrum and second harmonic generation were investigated to study the linear and nonlinear optical properties. In order to ascertain the thermal stability of the crystal, thermo-gravimetric analysis (TGA) , differential thermo-gravimetric analysis (DTA) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) were also carried out. The second harmonic generation conversion efficiency of the grown crystal shows the suitability for frequency conversion applications. The mechanical behaviour has been assessed by Vickers microhardness measurements. Structural parameters of the as grown crystals were also calculated.