Perspective - Der Pharmacia Lettre ( 2022) Volume 14, Issue 1
Received: 22-Jan-2022, Manuscript No. DPL-22-52130; Editor assigned: 25-Jan-2022, Pre QC No. DPL-22-52130 (PQ); Reviewed: 05-Feb-2022, QC No. DPL-22-52130; Revised: 11-Feb-2022, Manuscript No. DPL-22-52130(R); Published: 18-Feb-2022 , DOI: 10.37532/0975-5071-22.14.14
Glomerulonephritis is a group of diseases that damage the kidney's filtration system called glomeruli. When the kidneys are unable to remove waste and extra fluid from the body. If the situation worsens the kidneys may stop working totally resulting in renal failure. The signs and symptoms of glomerulonephritis include due to an excess of protein in the urine, it becomes foamy, high blood pressure, swelling in the face, hands, feet, and belly indicates fluid retention. Glomerulonephritis has several causes depending on whether it's acute or chronic. An infection, such as strep throat or an abscessed tooth can cause acute glomerulonephritis. It might be caused by an immune system that is overreacting to the illness. It's possible that this will go gone on its own. If it does not go away immediate treatment is required to avoid long-term renal damage.
Acute glomerulonephritis has been associated to strep throat, systemic lupus erythematous and other disorders granulomatosis with polyangiitis, a rare autoimmune disease in which antibodies attack the kidneys and lungs, amyloidosis, which occurs when abnormal proteins that can cause harm build up in organs and tissues, polyarthritis nodosa, a disease in which cells attack arteries, and granulomatosis with polyangiitis known as wegener's granule non-steroidal anti-inflammatory medicines such as ibuprofen and naproxen are often used and may be a risk factor should not exceed the dosage or treatment duration specified on the bottle without consulting primary care practitioner first. The chronic type of GN can develop over a long period of time with no or few symptoms. This can cause irreversible kidney damage, eventually leading to renal failure.
There isn't usually an obvious cause for chronic glomerulonephritis. Chronic glomerulonephritis is occasionally caused by a hereditary illness. Young males with weak eyesight and hearing develop hereditary nephritis. Certain immunological illnesses, a history of cancer, and exposure to hydrocarbon solvents are also probable causes.
Complications
Glomerulonephritis causes the kidneys to lose their filtering ability. As a result, toxic amounts of fluid, electrolytes, and waste build in the body. Severe kidney failure is a condition in which the kidneys unable to function properly. The loss of function in the filtering section of the nephron can cause a significant build-up of waste products requiring emergency dialysis which is a machine that eliminates excess fluids and waste from the blood.
Kidney disease is a condition in which the filtration ability of the kidneys gradually deteriorates. End-stage renal disease occurs when kidney function declines to less than 10% of normal capacity necessitating dialysis or a kidney transplant to stay alive. High blood pressure is caused by damage to the kidneys and the accumulation of wastes in the circulation. The disorder nephrotic syndrome damages the kidneys. In this sickness too much protein in the urine leads to insufficient protein in the blood. Nephrotic syndrome is characterised by high blood cholesterol levels and swelling (oedema) of the eyelids, foot, and abdomen.
Treatment
The following factors impact the treatment and outcome of glomerulonephritis
• If the condition is acute or chronic.
• Some cases of acute glomerulonephritis condition caused by a strep infection may resolve without treatment. If there is an underlying cause such as excessive blood pressure an infection or an autoimmune disease therapy will resolve it.
• In general the goal of therapy is to protect kidneys from deteriorating worse.
